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维生素C

Benefits of Vitamin C
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维生素C

维生素C是一种重要的水溶性维生素,人体内并不会储存维生素C,这也意味着它在体内无法自身合成。因此,人类必须通过食物、保健品等摄取足够的维生素C。维生素C存在于柑橘类水果、浆果、土豆、西红柿、辣椒、卷心菜、芽甘蓝、花椰菜和菠菜中 1

大多数人可以从均衡的饮食中获得足够的维生素C,而针对这些人群,包括吸烟者、胃肠道疾病患者或某些癌症种类的患者以及饮食有限的人,皆有可能导致身体严重缺乏维生素C 1

健康益处

1. 免疫调节

维生素C有助促进白血球的生产及帮助这些白血球更有效地发挥其功能,同时保护它们免受潜在有害分子(如自由基)的损害 2。作为抗氧化剂,加强皮肤的防御系统 3

2. 保持眼睛明亮

维生素C可保护眼睛免受自由基的伤害,有助于延缓年龄相关性黄斑变性 (AMD) 的进展 4

3. 促进组织生长与修复

研究表明服用维生素C可促进伤口愈合过程,形成疤痕结缔组织 5。促进皮肤、肌腱、韧带和血管中重要蛋白质的形成 5

4. 预防铁质缺乏

维生素C能促进植物性铁源的吸收,这能帮助素食者更有效的补铁 6

5. 血压管理

研究发现服用维生素C可降低健康成年人和高血压患者的血压。维生素C作为一种利尿剂,可以清除体内多余的液体,从而有助于降低血管内的压力 7

6. 预防慢性疾病

维生素C是一种强大的抗氧化剂,可提高血液中的抗氧化剂水平,有助于降低患心脏病等慢性病的风险 8

7. 护脑功能

随着年龄的增长,摄入较高剂量的维生素C对思维和记忆有保护作用 9

建议每日剂量

建议成年男性每天摄入90毫克维生素C,成年女性每天摄入75毫克。对于吸烟者,则建议摄入比建议成人剂量更多35毫克 10

参考

1. Vitamin C. (2020). Retrieved 24 September 2021, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements-vitamin-c/art-20363932

2. Huijskens, M., Walczak, M., Koller, N., Briedé, J., Senden-Gijsbers, B., & Schnijderberg, M. et al. (2014). Technical Advance: Ascorbic acid induces development of double-positive T cells from human hematopoietic stem cells in the absence of stromal cells. Journal Of Leukocyte Biology, 96(6), 1165-1175. doi: 10.1189/jlb.1ta0214-121rr

3. Fuchs, J., & Kern, H. (1998). Modulation of UV-light-induced skin inflammation by d-alpha-tocopherol and l-ascorbic acid: a clinical study using solar simulated radiation. Free Radical Biology And Medicine, 25(9), 1006-1012. doi: 10.1016/s0891-5849(98)00132-4

4. Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group (2001). A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report no. 8. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 119(10), 1417–1436. doi: 10.1001/archopht.119.10.1417

5. Desneves, K., Todorovic, B., Cassar, A., & Cr17owe, T. (2005). Treatment with supplementary arginine, vitamin C and zinc in patients with pressure ulcers: A randomised controlled trial. Clinical Nutrition, 24(6), 979-987. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2005.06.011

6. Hurrell, R., & Egli, I. (2010). Iron bioavailability and dietary reference values. The American Journal Of Clinical Nutrition, 91(5), 1461S-1467S. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2010.28674f

7. Juraschek, S. P., Guallar, E., Appel, L. J., & Miller, E. R., 3rd (2012). Effects of vitamin C supplementation on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 95(5), 1079–1088. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.027995

8. Kim, M. K., Sasazuki, S., Sasaki, S., Okubo, S., Hayashi, M., & Tsugane, S. (2003). Effect of five-year supplementation of vitamin C on serum vitamin C concentration and consumption of vegetables and fruits in middle-aged Japanese: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 22(3), 208–216. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2003.10719295

9. Paleologos, M., Cumming, R. G., & Lazarus, R. (1998). Cohort study of vitamin C intake and cognitive impairment. American journal of epidemiology, 148(1), 45–50. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009559

10. Office of Dietary Supplements – Vitamin C. (2021). Retrieved 27 September 2021, from https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminC-Consumer/

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